Objective To investigate the common causes of upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage and clinical nursing observation. Methods In our hospital from January 2011 to December 2012 medical hospitalized in our hospital clinical data of 46 patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding were retrospectively analysis. Adopt routine medical care,nursing science system ( including psychological nursing, homeostatic treatment nursing,and diet nursing and health guidance after discharge,etc. ) aspects of the patient and family care,analyze the effect of nursing. Results The physician in 46 patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding,medical,endoscopic treatment,and science of nursing,28 patients recovered and discharged,11 patients curative effect is distinct,6 cases have a therapeutic effect,1 case of no effect, turn over the superior hospital treatment,no deaths occur during treatment of total effective rate reached 94. 8% . Conclusion In patients with upper gastrointestinal bleeding,gives scientific and effective system of nursing,which can effectively help patients heal as soon as possi- ble,to reduce the recurrence rate and mortality,reduce the economic burden of the patients.