Evaluation of the Twentieth Century Reanalysis Dataset in Describing East Asian Winter Monsoon Variability

The Twentieth Century Reanalysis(20thCR)dataset released in 2010 covers the period 1871–2010 and is one of the longest reanalysis datasets available worldwide.Using ERA-40,ERA-Interim and NCEP–NCAR reanalysis data,as well as HadSLP2 data and meteorological temperature records over eastern China,the performances of 20thCR in reproducing the spatial patterns and temporal variability of the East Asian winter monsoon(EAWM)are examined.Results indicate that 20thCR data:(1)can accurately reproduce the most typical configuration patterns of all sub-factors involved in the EAWM system,albeit with some diferences in the main circulation fields over East Asia in comparison to ERA-40 reanalysis data;(2)is reliable and stable in describing the temporal variability of EAWM since the 1930s;and(3)can describe the high-frequency variability of EAWM better than the low-frequency fluctuations,especially in the early period.In conclusion,caution should be taken when using 20thCR data to study interdecadal variabilities or long-term trends of the EAWM,especially prior to the 1930s.