Anti-viral and anti-inflammatory effects of kaempferol and quercetin and COVID-2019: A scoping review

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2(SARS CoV-2) is a novel coronavirus identified at the end of 2019. It i recognized as the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19). Flavonoids have been shown to exhibit therapeutica effect on complications related to COVID-19. The present study reviews possible therapeutic benefits of flavonoids on SARS CoV-2. The Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Google Schola were searched using keywords: "COVID-19", "SARS-CoV-2""Kaempferol" and "Quercetin" in the Title/Abstract. Relevan published articles in the English language until August 2020 wer considered. Kaempferol and quercetin showed antiviral propertie such as inhibition of protein kinase B and phosphorylation o protein kinase and blocking effects on a selective channel(3 channel) expressed in SARS-CoV infected cells. They also reduced the level of reactive oxygen species, expression of inducible nitri oxide synthase, pro-inflammatory mediators including TNF-α, IL1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, and IL-12 p70, and chemokines. Kaempfero and quercetin might exert beneficial effects in the control o treatment of COVID-19 because of their antiviral, antioxidant, anti inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects.