Larvicidal and adulticidal potential of medicinal plant extracts from south India against vectors

Objective:To determine the larvicidal and adulticidal activities of hexane,ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of Momordica charantia(M.charantia),Moringa oleifera(M.oleifera),Ocimum gratissimum(O.gratissimum),Ocimum tenuiflorum(0.tenuiflorum),Punica granalum(P. granatum) and Tribulus terrestris(T.terrestris) against Culex gelidus(Cx.gelidus) and Culex quinquefasciatus(Cx.quinquefasciatus).Methods:Bioassay test was carried out by WHO method for determination of larvicidal and adulticidal activity against mosquitoes.Results:All plant extracts showed moderate larvicidal and adulticidal activities,however the effective larval mortality was found in the leaf ethyl acetate and methanol extract of O.gratissimum and bark methanol extract of M.oleifera against Cx.gelidus with LC50values of 39.31.66.28,and 21.83μg/mL respectively,and methanol extract of 0.gratissimum,0.tenuiflorum and P.granatum against Cx.quinquefasciatus with LC50values of 38.47.24.90 and 67.20μg/mL,respectively.The adult exposed for 1 h and mortality was recorded at 24 h recovery period.Above 90%- mortality was found in the ethyl acetate and methanol extract of all experimental plants at the concentrations of 500μg/mL.Conclusions:The present results suggest that the medicinal plant extracts provided an excellent potential for controlling Cx.gelidus and Cx.quinquefasciatus.