Efficient Two-Dimensional Perovskite Solar Cells Realized by Incorporation of Ti3C2Tx MXene as Nano-Dopants

Two-dimensional(2D) perovskites solar cells(PSCs) have attracted considerable attention owing to their excellent stability against humidity;however,some imperfectness of 2D perovskites,such as poor crystallinity,disordered orientation,and inferior charge transport still limit the power conversion efficiency(PCE)of 2D PSCs.In this work,2D TiCTMXene nanosheets with high electrical conductivity and mobility were employed as a nanosized additive to prepare 2D Ruddlesden-Popper perovskite films.The PCE of solar cells was increased from 13.69(without additive) to 15.71% after incorporating the TiCTnanosheets with an optimized concentration.This improved performance is attributed to the enhanced crystallinity,orientation,and passivated trap states in the 3D phase that result in accelerated charge transfer process in vertical direction.More importantly,the unencapsulated cells exhibited excellent stability under ambient conditions with 55±5% relative humidity.