Effect of lithium content on the electrochemical properties of solid-state-synthesized spinel LixMn2O4

Lithium-substituted LixMn2O4 (x = 0.98, 1.03, 1.08) spinel samples were synthesized by solid-state reaction. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns show that the prepared samples have a spinel structure with a space group of Fd 3 m. The cubic lattice parameter was determined from least-squares fitting of the XRD data. Li1.03Mn2O4 shows high capacity at both low and high current densities, while Li1.08Mn2O4 shows good cycling performance but relatively low capacity when cycled at both room and elevated temperatures. A variety of electrochemical methods were employed to investigate the electro- chemical properties of these series of spinel LixMn2O4.