Day-ahead Optimal Dispatch Model for Coupled System Considering Ladder-type Ramping Rate and Flexible Spinning Reserve of Thermal Power Units

In northern China, thermal power units(TPUs)are important in improving the penetration level of renewable energy. In such areas, the potentials of coordinated dispatch of renewable energy sources(RESs) and TPUs can be better realized, if RESs and TPUs connected to the power grid at the same point of common coupling(PCC) are dispatched as a coupled system. Firstly, the definition of the coupled system is introduced, followed by an analysis on its characteristics. Secondly, based on the operation characteristics of deep peak regulation(DPR) of TPUs in the coupled system, the constraint of the ladder-type ramping rate applicable for day-ahead dispatch is proposed, and the corresponding flexible spinning reserve constraint is further established. Then, considering these constraints and peak regulation ancillary services, a day-ahead optimal dispatch model of the coupled system is established. Finally, the operational characteristics and advantages of the coupled system are analyzed in several case studies based on a real-world power grid in Liaoning province, China. The numerical results show that the coupled system can further improve the economic benefits of RESs and TPUs under the existing policies.