Glial calcium signaling in physiology and pathophysiology

<正>Neuronal-glial circuits underlie integrative processes in the nervous system.Func-tion of glial syncytium is,to a very large extent,regulated by the intracellularcalcium signaling system.Glial calcium signals are triggered by activation ofmultiple receptors,expressed in glial membrane,which regulate both Ca2+ entryand Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum.The endoplasmic reticulum alsoendows glial cells with intracellular excitable media,which is able to produce andmaintain long-ranging signaling in a form of propagating Ca2+ waves.In patho-logical conditions,calcium signals regulate glial response to injury,which mighthave both protective and detrimental effects on the nervous tissue.