Abiotic–Biological Hybrid Systems for CO2 Conversion to Value-Added Chemicals and Fuels

Abiotic–biological hybrid systems that combine the advantages of abiotic catalysis and biotransformation for the conversion of carbon dioxide(CO2) to value-added chemicals and fuels have emerged as an appealing way to address the global energy and environmental crisis caused by increased CO2emission. We illustrate the recent progress in this fi eld. Here, we fi rst review the natural CO2fi xation pathways for an in-depth understanding of the biological CO2transformation strategy and why a sustainable feed of reducing power is important. Second, we review the recent progress in the construction of abiotic–biological hybrid systems for CO2transformation from two aspects:(i) microbial electrosynthesis systems that utilize electricity to support whole-cell biological CO2conversion to products of interest and(ii) photosynthetic semiconductor biohybrid systems that integrate semiconductor nanomaterials with CO2-fi xing microorganisms to harness solar energy for biological CO2transformation. Lastly, we discuss potential approaches for further improvement of abiotic–biological hybrid systems.