Rules for maximum solid solubility of transition metals in Ti,Zr and Hf solvents

Based on the principle of energy change of alloy formation, the rules for the maximum solid solubility ( C max ) of various transition metals in the metals Ti, Zr and Hf were studied. It is deduced that the C max of transition metals in the metals Ti, Zr and Hf can be described as a semi empirical equation using three atomic parameters, i.e., electronegativity difference, atomic diameter and electron concentration. From the equation analysis by using experimental data, it shows that atomic size parameter and electronegativity difference are the main factors that affect the C max of the transition metals in the metals Ti, Zr and Hf while electron concentration parameter has the smallest effect on C max .