Study on nitrobenzene ratio in water-ice system under different conditions

A series of ice freezing-thawing experiments are performed under different nitro- benzene concentrations of 1.7, 8, 17, 170, and 1700 μg/L. A special flume, made of stainless steel and glass, is built to simulate the flowing water for the experiments. The ice frozen in cold room has similar crystal structure of natural ice, therefore the behaviors of nitrobenzene in the ice frozen in cold room is also believed to be similar to that in natural ice. The results of the experiments reveal that the freezing rate of ice decreases with the increase of nitrobenzene concentration in water, and that the nitrobenzene ratio in water-ice system becomes higher with the increase of freezing rate. In addition, the nitrobenzene in ice does not move and is only re- leased into water after melt.