<正>BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Studies have suggested that patients in a vegetative state have disconnections in long-range cortico-cortical and thalamo-cortical pathways.The neural signature of spontaneous recovery is linked to an increase in thalamo-cortical activity and improved fronto-parietal functional connectivity.This study evaluated the effect of thalamo-cortical stimulation through vagus nerve stimulation in a patient in a vegetative state.