降雨及聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)作用下土壤的封闭过程和结皮的形成

被引:38
作者
唐泽军
雷廷武
张晴雯
赵军
机构
[1] 中国农业大学
[2] 中国科学院水土保持研究所
[3] 中国科学院水土保持研究所 北京
[4] 杨凌
关键词
封闭和结皮; PAM; 结构; 入渗;
D O I
暂无
中图分类号
S152.7 [土壤水分];
学科分类号
0903 ; 090301 ;
摘要
封闭、结皮是土壤表面水土相互作用的结果 ,能显著减少土壤入渗、降低水资源的利用率 ;增加地表径流并导致土壤侵蚀。为深入理解封闭的作用过程和结皮的形成 ,利用 PAM能缓解封闭作用并抑制结皮形成的特性 ,进行了一系列的人工降雨模拟试验 ,试验采用 3个重复 ,包括 3个雨强 ( 5 0 mm/ h、1 0 0 mm/ h和 1 5 0 mm/ h)、4个坡度 ( 8.74 %、1 7.6 3%、36 .4 %和 4 6 .6 3% )和 3个 PAM覆盖率 ( 80 %、6 0 %和 4 0 % )。通过对比土壤表面的电子扫描显微镜 ( SEM)照片 ,可以认为土壤结皮是由结构结皮和沉积结皮构成 ,入渗量与时间的历时曲线反映了结皮的 4个形成过程。
引用
收藏
页码:674 / 681
页数:8
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