Optimization Study on Battery Thermal Management System With Coupled Air and Microchannel Liquid Cooling Strategy

Because of the surging demand for clean energy, the performance and safety of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) for energy storage and conversion have received much attention. This study presents a battery thermal management system (BTMS) that combines air cooling with microchannel liquid cooling. The system is optimized to significantly improve heat dissipation efficiency and reduce energy consumption. The study utilizes computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations to analyze the effects of various air supply velocities, microchannel cross-sectional dimensions, and cooling water flow rates on the thermal performance, which leads to a step-by-step optimization and an overall improvement of the BTMS performance. The balance between BTMS thermal performance and energy consumption is achieved by expanding the thermal performance data samples using the orthogonal method and subsequent multi-objective optimization of energy consumption and heat dissipation using the entropy-weighted Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) method to determine the optimal operating parameters. This study highlights the potential for optimizing LIB thermal management through parameter tuning and validates the effectiveness of a comprehensive optimized hybrid cooling strategy in improving battery performance and safety.