Three-dimensional simulation of fully-fashioned skirt based on mesh model

Objective In order to address the challenges in the rapid design and three-dimensional (3-D) simulation of fully-fashioned skirts, which are key components of flat-knitting sweater products, by achieving efficient 3-D simulation, the study aims to predict fabric structural effects, provide new design methodologies, and offer theoretical and practical guidance for the development of fully-fashioned skirts. Method Pattern diagrams, structure diagrams, and process knitting diagrams are encoded using matrix numbers, with color codes serving as a bridge to establish relationships between them. This approach facilitates information conversion and interaction design between skirt templates and computer knitting files. A geometric loop model and grid model are constructed to integrate the boundary and internal grid structures of loops. Spatial coordinates of value points are determined based on the index relationship between two-dimensional (2-D) and 3-D OBJ models. Using WebGL technology and 3-D spline curves, the iTDS system achieves real-time 3-D simulation. The program is developed in Visual Studio using C# language. Results The research successfully develops a digital design framework for fully-fashioned skirts, significantly reducing design difficulty, storage space, and computational time. A 3-D loop model and grid model are established based on actual loop shapes and the classical 2-D Peirce loop model. Proportional relationships between loop control points and model points are analyzed, enabling precise determination of triangular surfaces for each loop type value point. Planar loop shape points and grid points are rapidly converted into spatial coordinates, achieving accurate 3-D simulation based on the loop structure. Conclusion On the basis of constructing an ideal geometric model of fabric loops, the study demonstrates that rapid design and 3-D simulation of fully-fashioned skirts can be achieved through the integration of pattern diagrams, structure diagrams, and process knitting diagrams. While the current geometric model effectively represents fabric series relationships, further research is required to incorporate physical and mechanical models for more realistic simulations of specific structures. This study provides both theoretical insights and practical tools for the design and development of fully-fashioned skirts. © 2025, China Textile Engineering Society. All rights reserved.