Research on Vehicle Head-on Collision Accident Reconstruction System Based on Inverse Analysis

To enhance the precision and effectiveness of vehicle collision reconstructions, equations for calculating collision velocities were formulated based on the conservation of momentum and angular momentum. By using rotational transformations of the collision coordinate system, an analytical model of the vehicle dynamics at the moment of collision was developed. Subsequently, the collision process was segmented for analysis, and a three-dimensional dynamic model of the vehicle body was developed. Fianlly, by utilizing 3D MAX and OpenGL graphics technology, along with fundamental database techniques, a collision reconstruction system was designed, and simulation analyses of real-world head-on collision cases were performed to verify its accuracy and effectiveness. The findings reveal that the system achieves an average relative error of less than 5.1% in simulated vehicle speeds, with an average trajectory alignment correlation of 0.85. This system effectively resolves the analytical challenges of inverse uncertainty equations at the moment of collision. © 2025 Science Press. All rights reserved.