Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management Challenges in Developing Countries: A Systematic Literature Review

Counterfeit medicines endanger public health, undermine economic stability, and present a critical global challenge, especially in developing countries such as Jordan. Addressing this issue necessitates the modernization of pharmaceutical supply chain management (SCM) through the adoption of advanced digital technologies, including Blockchain, the Internet of Things (IoT), and Radio Frequency Identification (RFID). This study develops a conceptual model grounded in the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT), augmented by the construct of technology trust and contextualized through institutional theory. Employing a qualitative methodology; semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders of the Jordanian pharmaceutical supply chain, the study reports the critical role of technology trust in strengthening stakeholders' behavioral intentions toward technology adoption. Moreover, it finds that institutional pressures significantly shape adoption behaviors. Thus, by integrating theoretical frameworks and offering practical insights, the study contributes to the literature addressing the counterfeit medicine crisis and provides a comprehensive framework to facilitate technology-driven transformation within Jordan's pharmaceutical supply chain.