Mathematical modeling, drying kinetics, and economic analysis of a hybrid photovoltaic thermal solar dryer for henna leaves

被引:0
作者
Elwakeel, Abdallah Elshawadfy [1 ]
Oraiath, Awad Ali Tayoush [2 ]
Ghanem, Tarek Hussien M. [3 ]
Elbeltagi, Ahmed [4 ]
Salem, Ali [5 ,6 ]
Dewidar, Ahmed Z. [7 ,8 ]
Okasha, Abdelaziz M. [9 ]
Habib, Abadeer [10 ]
El-Messery, Tamer M. [10 ]
Moustapha, Moustapha Eid [11 ]
Metwally, Khaled A. [12 ]
机构
[1] Aswan Univ, Fac Agr & Nat Resources, Agr Engn Dept, Aswan 81528, Egypt
[2] Omar Al Mukhtar Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Agr Engn, POB 991, Al Bayda, Libya
[3] Al Azhar Univ, Fac Agr Engn, Agr Prod Proc Engn Dept, Cairo, Egypt
[4] Mansoura Univ, Fac Agr, Agr Engn Dept, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
[5] Minia Univ, Fac Engn, Civil Engn Dept, Al Minya 61111, Egypt
[6] Univ Pecs, Fac Engn & Informat Technol, Struct Diagnost & Anal Res Grp, H-7622 Pecs, Hungary
[7] King Saud Univ, Prince Sultan Inst Environm Water & Desert Res, Prince Sultan Bin Abdulaziz Int Prize Water Chair, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
[8] King Saud Univ, Coll Food & Agr Sci, Dept Agr Engn, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
[9] Kafrelsheikh Univ, Fac Agr, Dept Agr Engn, Kafr Al Sheikh 33516, Egypt
[10] ITMO Univ, Fac Biotechnol BioTech, Int Res Ctr Biotechnol Millennium 3, St Petersburg 191002, Russia
[11] Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz Univ, Coll Sci & Humanities, Dept Chem, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
[12] Zagazig Univ, Fac Technol & Dev, Soil & Water Sci Dept, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
关键词
Medical plants; Renewable energy; Drying kinetics; Thin layer modeling; Drying characteristics; EFFECTIVE MOISTURE DIFFUSIVITY; TOMATO SLICES; LAYER; ENERGY; QUALITY; SYSTEMS; FRESH;
D O I
10.1038/s41598-025-03460-3
中图分类号
O [数理科学和化学]; P [天文学、地球科学]; Q [生物科学]; N [自然科学总论];
学科分类号
07 ; 0710 ; 09 ;
摘要
Solar dryers offer a sustainable and efficient method for drying many agricultural products, preserving their quality, color, and medicinal properties while minimizing energy consumption and environmental impact. Current research on henna processing reveals a significant gap in drying engineering studies, creating a critical barrier to process optimization and quality enhancement. While numerous studies have investigated henna's physical and chemical characteristics, the engineering aspects of drying-including heat and mass transfer mechanisms, equipment design, and process parameter optimization-remain substantially understudied. This knowledge gap hinders the development of efficient, standardized drying methods that could improve product quality, reduce energy consumption, and increase production yields in commercial henna processing. So, during the present study, a direct solar dryer integrated with a photovoltaic system was used for drying Henna leaves at Aswan University, Egypt, during January 2025. Where a comparison study was conducted between the drying of Henna leaves by the developed direct solar dryer (DDSD) and open-air drying (OAD) at three-layer thicknesses of 2 cm, 4 cm, and 6 cm. The comparison study between both drying systems was established in terms of mathematical modeling, drying parameters, EMD, and economic analysis. The obtained results showed that the equilibrium moisture contents of Henna leaves samples dried in OAD and (DDSD) reach ranged between 2.52 and 3.23% (2.17 and 2.69%) on a dry base. Applying the DDSD to dry Henna leaves resulted in a reduction in drying time by approximately 7.14%, 13.33%, and 18.75% for layer thicknesses of approximately 2, 4, and 6 cm, respectively. Additionally, the EMD of the Henna leaves dried using the DDSD ranged from 2.84 x 10-9 to 22.96 x 10-9 m2/s. Furthermore, Lewis (Newton), Weibullian, and Page were the most appropriate mathematical drying models for Henna leaves at layer thicknesses of approximately 2, 4, and 6 cm, respectively, for dried samples by DDSD. On the other hand, the economic analysis revealed that the DDSD has the potential to generate substantial cost savings, amounting to 3,348 USD per year. Additionally, the payback period was calculated to be 0.077 years (less than one month), demonstrating the system's rapid return on investment and economic viability.
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页数:22
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