DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION OF ANTENNA ARRAY AT SUB-6 GHZ BAND FOR 5G APPLICATIONS

Excessive demands in the sub-6 GHz frequency spectrum are caused by 5G and the Internet of Things, which calls for high-performance antennas. This paper addresses this difficulty by creating and refining a cutting-edge antenna array especially for this band. The single patch antennas used in many modern communication systems have gain and beamwidth limits. Our initiative seeks to obtain better performance by overcoming these constraints with a unique antenna array design. Utilizing various patch shapes, this novel approach optimizes current distribution—a crucial component of traditional array performance—by incorporating antenna elements. Through meticulous selection and integration of these diverse forms, our goal is to attain a more consistent current distribution throughout the array, which will result in increased gain and a reduced beamwidth. With an emphasis on the sub-6 GHz band, this research aims to significantly advance antenna technology by utilizing the benefits of different patch shapes. Future wireless communication systems may benefit from the increased efficiency, dependability, and adaptability of the optimized antenna array that results. Additionally, the academic community will gain important insights from the thorough project documentation. Ultimately, by promoting improvements in sub-6 GHz communication technology via an improved antenna array design, this initiative hopes to have a long-lasting effect. © 2025 by Begell House, Inc.