CD1-restricted T cells: are unconventional allies the key to future TB vaccines?

被引：0

作者：

Milton, Matthew ^{[1
]}

Mansour, Salah ^{[1
,2
]}

机构：

[1] Univ Southampton, Natl Inst Hlth Care Res NIHR, Fac Med, Biomed Res Ctr,Sch Clin & Expt Sci,, Southampton, England

[2] Univ Southampton, Inst Life Sci, Southampton, England

来源：

FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY | 2025年 / 16卷

关键词：

CD1; T cells; infection; tuberculosis; unconventional T cells; lipids; TB vaccine; BACILLUS-CALMETTE-GUERIN; CANDIDATE TUBERCULOSIS VACCINE; CD1 ANTIGEN PRESENTATION; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; GAMMA-DELTA; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; LIPID ANTIGENS; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; FUNCTIONAL PLASTICITY; NONPEPTIDE ANTIGENS;

D O I：

10.3389/fimmu.2025.1629466

中图分类号：

R392 [医学免疫学]; Q939.91 [免疫学];

学科分类号：

100102 ;

摘要：

CD1-restricted T cells constitute an unconventional arm of immunity that recognises lipid antigens, a feature particularly pertinent to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), a pathogen with a lipid-rich cell wall. Unlike classical MHC-restricted responses, CD1-mediated lipid antigen presentation includes donor-unrestricted T cell responses, offering a promising pathway for universally protective tuberculosis (TB) vaccines. This review explores the biology of CD1 isoforms, the functional diversity of CD1-restricted T cell subsets, and their roles in TB immunity. We discuss Mtb's lipid antigens, mechanisms of CD1 trafficking and antigen presentation, immune evasion strategies, and emerging translational insights. By highlighting key knowledge gaps and future directions, we argue that harnessing CD1-restricted T cells could unlock novel vaccine strategies against the world's leading infectious killer.

引用

页数：16

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[31] Activation of NKT cells protects mice from tuberculosis [J].