Evaluating the Applied Knowledge of BRCA Testing among Spanish-Preferring Latino Americans: The Influence of Acculturation and Literacy

Introduction: This study examined applied knowledge about BRCA testing among Spanish-preferring Latino adults in the USA and identifies factors influencing this knowledge, addressing gaps in understanding genetic literacy within this demographic. Methods: A national survey was conducted with 196 Spanish-preferring Latino adults. Participants completed a questionnaire measuring applied knowledge of BRCA testing, acculturation variables, and literacy measures. Linear regression analysis explored relationships between these factors and applied knowledge scores. Results: The mean applied knowledge score was 2.33 out of 6, with 26.7% of participants scoring zero. Regression analysis revealed that younger age, female, higher education, higher e-health literacy, and higher numeracy were associated with greater applied knowledge. US identity and critical media literacy were negatively associated with applied knowledge scores. Conclusion: Spanish-preferring Latino adults demonstrated lower applied knowledge of BRCA testing compared to the general US population, highlighting a significant knowledge disparity. The study identified key factors influencing applied knowledge, such as age, ethnic identity, and e-health literacy, providing insights for developing targeted interventions to improve genetic literacy in this population. These findings can inform culturally competent genetic education initiatives to enhance health outcomes and decision-making regarding genetic testing among Spanish-preferring Latinos.