Wernicke encephalopathy in pregnancy associated with hyperemesis gravidarum: a case report

Background Wernicke Encephalopathy is a rare neurological disorder caused by thiamine deficiency, which can occur in pregnant women with severe hyperemesis gravidarum. Case presentation This case report describes a 21-year-old primigravida with severe hyperemesis gravidarum leading to Wernicke Encephalopathy, due to thiamine deficiency.The patient experienced cognitive disturbances, followed by neurological symptoms of nystagmus, limb ataxia and postural instability. Following the diagnosis, intravenous thiamine replacement therapy was administered, resulting in gradual neurological improvement. Conclusions This case underscores the importance of early identification and treatment of thiamine deficiency in pregnant patients with hyperemesis gravidarum to prevent irreversible neurological damage.