Developments in Time-Division Multiplexing of X-ray Transition-Edge Sensors

被引：112

作者：

Doriese, W. B. ^{[1
]}

Morgan, K. M. ^{[1
]}

Bennett, D. A. ^{[1
]}

Denison, E. V. ^{[1
]}

Fitzgerald, C. P. ^{[1
]}

Fowler, J. W. ^{[1
]}

Gard, J. D. ^{[1
]}

Hays-Wehle, J. P. ^{[1
]}

Hilton, G. C. ^{[1
]}

Irwin, K. D. ^{[2
]}

Joe, Y. I. ^{[1
]}

Mates, J. A. B. ^{[1
]}

O'Neil, G. C. ^{[1
]}

Reintsema, C. D. ^{[1
]}

Robbins, N. O. ^{[1
]}

Schmidt, D. R. ^{[1
]}

Swetz, D. S. ^{[1
]}

Tatsuno, H. ^{[1
]}

Vale, L. R. ^{[1
]}

Ullom, J. N. ^{[1
]}

机构：

[1] NIST, Boulder, CO 80305 USA

[2] Stanford Univ, Dept Phys, Stanford, CA 94305 USA

来源：

JOURNAL OF LOW TEMPERATURE PHYSICS | 2016年 / 184卷 / 1-2期

关键词：

SQUID; Transition-edge sensor; Time-division multiplexer; Microcalorimeter; X-ray; ARRAYS;

D O I：

10.1007/s10909-015-1373-z

中图分类号：

O59 [应用物理学];

学科分类号：

摘要：

Time-division multiplexing (TDM) is a mature scheme for the readout of arrays of transition-edge sensors (TESs). TDM is based on superconducting-quantum-interference-device (SQUID) current amplifiers. Multiple spectrometers based on gamma-ray and X-ray microcalorimeters have been operated with TDM readout, each at the scale of 200 sensors per spectrometer, as have several astronomical cameras with thousands of sub-mm or microwave bolometers. Here we present the details of two different versions of our TDM system designed to read out X-ray TESs. The first has been field-deployed in two 160-sensor (8 columns 20 rows) spectrometers and four 240-sensor (8 columns 30 rows) spectrometers. It has a three-SQUID-stage architecture, switches rows every 320 ns, and has total readout noise of 0.41 Hz. The second, which is presently under development, has a two-SQUID-stage architecture, switches rows every 160 ns, and has total readout noise of 0.19 Hz. Both quoted noise values are non-multiplexed and referred to the first-stage SQUID. In a demonstration of this new architecture, a multiplexed 1-column 32-row array of NIST TESs achieved average energy resolution of eV at 6 keV.

引用

页码：389 / 395

页数：7