Sustainable development goals (SDGs), climate change, and the development of aquaculture and fisheries industries

Aquaculture, along with commercial fishing, provides fundamental support for maintaining worldwide food security and economic progress and nutritional wellness. These sectors are confronting rising challenges and risks, which include climate change along with overfishing and non-sustainable practices. Hence, this review investigates the immediate effects of climate change on fisheries and aquaculture institutions through varying temperature conditions along with shifted precipitation cycles, coupled with ocean acidification and extreme weather occurrences. We evaluate how fish distributions respond, and physiological processes change, alongside ecosystem dynamics because of these alterations. The review also explores the sustainable development goals connectivity of aquaculture and fisheries to identify mechanisms that combat poverty and hunger alleviation and resolve environmental problems. This review further corroborates worldwide adaptation methods by analyzing combinations of species dispersal along with selective breeding and habitat recovery and innovative fish farming systems. However, many studies provided evidence on success rates of these methods and require community participation coupled with technological development along with relevant local and regional policy support. Different geographical areas show evidence of effective adaptation strategies through studies that prove the success of integrated traditional approaches and community involvement in decision-making frameworks. Finally, this review demonstrates the importance of developing a comprehensive solution to enhance aquaculture and fisheries resilience against climate change, as food security and socio-economic stability depend on the adoption of sustainable practices as their core operating principle.