A unified analytical model for GFRP-reinforced concrete considering reinforcement slippage in embedded element method

The accuracy of the finite element method (FEM) used in the numerical modeling of reinforced concrete (RC) can be affected by the slippage of rebars. While the modified embedded element method (EEM) has been extensively studied to address this issue for steel rebar, there has been no specific research on other types of rebar, such as glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP). Only specific bond properties are considered in the available modified EEM method in the literature, ignoring the bond-slip envelope curve in their model. This leads to a reduction in the accuracy of the bond-slip effects within FEM. To address this issue, a new modified stress-strain curve of GFRP rebar in EEM is proposed in the present study. The proposed model considers the whole bond-slip curve obtained from various bond tests. This approach enhances the model's accuracy and provides a more comprehensive understanding of bond-slip effects within FEM. The experimental results presented in the literature confirm the validity of the novel EEM model. Furthermore, an additional experimental program of RC beams containing GFRP reinforcement is carried out to evaluate the model's accuracy in predicting the maximum flexural load capacity.