Optimization for environmental remediation of direct blue 80 dye using pomegranate peel extract-driven green synthesis of Fe3O4@Cu3(BTC)2

The inclusion of dyes in discharges is an important issue appropriate to their ability to negatively impact living things. An innovative, effortless, and highly efficient technique for developing a magnetic Fe3O4@Cu3(BTC)2 as a sorbent for removal organic molecules from aqueous solution is evaluated for removal of direct blue 80 (DB80) as a case study. The as-synthesized hybrid nanocomposite was investigated using XRD, FTIR, BET, TEM, XPS, and VSM approaches. The novel adsorbents merge the benefits of MOFs with magnetic nanoparticles, with their great capacity, quick removal and simple solid-phase separation, making them effective sorbents for wastewater treatment. The resulting magnetic Fe3O4@ Cu3(BTC)2 composites have a superior magnetic response (24.16 emu g-1), as well as mechanical stability, which leads to separation quickly in just a few minutes when predominate to an external magnetic field. At an initial dye concentration of 50 mg/L, contact period of 60 min, and adsorbent content of 5 mg, the maximum adsorption efficiency of 97.21 % for Fe3O4@Cu3(BTC)2 was achieved, compared to 85.11 % for Cu3(BTC)2. Kinetic parameters revealed pseudo-second-order, and adsorption was specified by the Langmuir isotherm where qe (mg/g) = 92.18 and R2 = 0.9997. Additionally, the remarkable reusability of the Fe3O4@Cu3(BTC)2 adsorption agent, which maintains its effectiveness for at least five consecutive cycles. The effects of adsorbent dosage, contacting time, and pH had the greatest influence on DB80 uptake, according to the statistical analysis conducting using response surface methodology (RSM). Fe3O4@Cu3(BTC)2 exhibit potential for treating DB80 in an environmentally friendly way.