Post-COVID onset of psychiatric complications and associated COVID-related symptom impairment and organ system complications over 24 months

Introduction: Neurological and psychiatric sequelae are among the long-term effects of COVID. The aim of this study was to investigate the change in post-COVID psychiatric complaints and associated clinical and sociodemographic factors over a 24-month period. Methods: This study draws on data from the "BioBanque Que<acute accent>be<acute accent>coise de la Covid-19 '' longitudinal cohort. The study sample consists of adults aged >= 18 years with a positive SARS-CoV-2 test, no history of psychiatric illness, with at least one follow-up visit. The presence of post-COVID psychiatric complications (yes, no) was assessed at follow-up (1-month, 3-month, 6-month, 12-month, 18-month and 24-month, post baseline), as was the presence of COVID-related symptoms and other post-COVID complications. Results: The prevalence of new onset post-COVID psychiatric complications ranged between 2.1 % and 8.5 % during the 24-month follow-up. As compared to the 1-month follow-up, there was an increase, between nearly two and four times, in the likelihood of psychiatric complications at the 3-month, 6-month, 12-month,18-month and 24-month follow-up. COVID-related symptoms such as impaired sensory function and pain, and impaired body system function, and post-COVID cardiovascular, respiratory, neurological, and other complications predicted post-COVID psychiatric complaints. Among individuals followed at 24-months, admission to hospital or emergency department, and frailty were also associated with the presence of a post-COVID psychiatric complication. Conclusion: Post-COVID psychiatric complications persist up to 24 months after infection and are associated with impairment related to COVID symptoms and multiple organ system complications, highlighting the substantial long-term health burden for individuals.