Enhancement of the efficiency of solar collector by SiO2, TiO2, and ZnO thin films layers

Most scientific researchers are motivated to develop alternative energy applications and raise their efficiency as a result of rising global warming and pollution from traditional energy sources. In this study, Nanocoating thin films of ` have been prepared on different substrates (stainless steel 316 L, commercially pure Ti, Si-Wafer(100) and glass). Magnetron sputtering deposition technique at 2.8 x 10-7 Torr vacuum has been used to synthesize the nanocoated thin films. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), and UV-visible radiation tests have been used to characterize the thin films deposited. The investigation results showed that the thin films deposited do not have microcracks or defects with a uniform and homogenous structure at 400 nm magnification. It has a nanoparticle grain size of 60-90 nm with a crystal structure for TiO2, SiO2, and ZnO films. ZnO films have coarser grain and more aggregation than the other films. The highest efficiency of the collector was recorded for a collector integrated with ZnO thin-film. The efficiency of the ZnO-coated collector was about 66 % at midday compared to the conventional system (no thin film), which was 39 %.