With the continuous advancement of medical technology, medical devices play a crucial role in clinical diagnosis and treatment. However, malfunctioning of medical equipment may lead to serious medical accidents and affect the health and safety of patients. Therefore, how to effectively monitor the operation status of medical devices and realize early warning of failures has become an urgent problem. This study is dedicated to exploring and developing advanced monitoring techniques and early warning systems to improve the reliability and safety of medical equipment. This paper firstly reviews the existing medical device monitoring technologies and their limitations, and then explores the application of sensor technology, data acquisition and processing, machine learning and artificial intelligence in medical device monitoring, and analyzes the integration of remote monitoring and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies. Subsequently, the paper describes the construction method of the early warning system for failures, including the establishment of warning models, data analysis and prediction techniques. Through specific case studies, the paper demonstrates the practical application effects of these technologies. Finally, the paper discusses the challenges that may be faced during the implementation of these technologies and looks forward to the future development direction. The study shows that the combination of advanced monitoring technologies and intelligent warning systems can significantly improve the operational efficiency and safety of medical devices and provide strong support for the medical industry.