Sexual experiences of female partners of Chinese prostate cancer survivors: A qualitative study

Objective: This qualitative study aims to explore the sexual experiences of female partners of Chinese prostate cancer (PCa) survivors, with a focus on understanding how cultural norms, knowledge gaps, and psychological burdens shape their intimate relationships post-treatment. Methods: This qualitative descriptive study utilized semi-structured interviews to explore the sexual experiences of 16 female partners of Chinese PCa survivors. Participants were purposively recruited from Peking University First Hospital between December 2021 and June 2022. Interview data were analyzed using Colaizzi's seven-step phenomenological method to ensure comprehensive interpretation of participants' lived experiences. Data saturation was achieved after the 16th interview, and rigor was ensured via peer debriefing and iterative discussions among researchers. Results: The study identified four major themes and 12 subthemes: (1) "Unspeakable" under the Influence of Chinese Traditional Culture Background: Cultural Taboo Hindering Communication, Sensitivity and Caution in Conversations, Discomfort in Expressing Sexual Experiences. (2) Redefinition of Intimacy and Sex: Strengthened Emotional Bonds, shift in Understanding of Intimacy, Exploration of Alternative Sexual Activities. (3) Lack of Sexual Knowledge Leads to Mistakes and Avoidance: Unmet Needs for Sexual Health Education, Nurses' Neglect of Sexual Health Problems, Harmful Consequences of Misguided Practices. (4) A Vicious Cycle of Psychological Burden Caused by Sex: Disappointment and Guilt from Failed Sexual Attempts, Sexual Dysfunction Leading to Relationship Stress, Concerns about Health Impact Exacerbating Stress. Conclusions: Addressing the sexual health concerns of PCa survivors and their partners is crucial for holistic posttreatment care. Future research should focus on developing and evaluating interventions to support sexual health in this population. Healthcare providers should consider the cultural context when discussing sexual health issues and provide culturally sensitive counseling. Comprehensive sexual rehabilitation requires not only symptom management but also timely and effective information support and sexual counseling.