EFFECT OF NONSURGICAL PERIODONTAL THERAPY ON CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE OR METABOLIC SYNDROME: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW AND META-ANALYSIS

Background Periodontitis is closely related to the occurrence and development of coronary artery disease (CAD) and metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, the role of nonsurgical periodontal therapy (NSPT) in these 2 diseases is still controversial. To investigate the efficacy of NSPT in managing individuals with CAD or MetS and the differences in effects and benefits of NSPT between the 2 patient populations. Methods Literature was searched in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, CNKI, VIP, and Wanfang databases from their inception to August 2024. The effect measures were mean differences ( MD ) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI ). Meta-analyses were performed using random-effects models. Subgroup analysis of health status, followup time, antibiotic use and periodontitis severity were performed. Results Twenty-one publications involving 1619 subjects were included. Comparing to the control, NSPT significantly reduced the levels of CRP ([ MD ]-0.61 mg/L; 95% CI-1.11 to-0.12), TNF-alpha ([ MD ]-3.48 pg/mL; 95% CI-4.49 to-2.48), IL-6 ([ MD ]- 1.56 pg/mL; 95% CI-2.30 to-0.83), IL-8 ([ MD ]-1.56 pg/mL; 95% CI-3.95 to-1.59; I2 = 56%) and fasting blood glucose ([ MD ]-5.81 mg/dL; 95% CI-9.96 to-1.67). Conclusions Meta-analysis showed that NSPT exerted beneficial effects on CAD by controlling systemic inflammation levels, which was not observed in patients with MetS.