A real-valued description of quantum mechanics with Schro<spacing diaeresis>dinger's 4th-order matter-wave equation

被引:1
作者
Makris, Nicos [1 ]
Dargush, Gary F. [2 ]
机构
[1] Southern Methodist Univ, Civil & Environm Engn, Dallas, TX 75275 USA
[2] Univ Buffalo, Mech & Aerosp Engn, Buffalo, NY USA
关键词
SCHRODINGER DISCOVERY;
D O I
10.1016/j.physo.2025.100262
中图分类号
O4 [物理学];
学科分类号
0702 ;
摘要
Using a variational formulation, we show that Schro<spacing diaeresis>dinger's 4th-order, real-valued matter-wave equation which involves the spatial derivatives of the potential V(r), produces the precise eigenvalues of Schro<spacing diaeresis>dinger's 2nd-order, complex-valued matter-wave equation together with an equal number of negative, mirror eigenvalues. The variational forms of the matter-wave equations are computed numerically with a Ritz-spline method and we show how this method handles accurately discontinuous potentials with singular derivatives. Accordingly, the paper concludes that there is a real-valued description of non-relativistic quantum mechanics in association with the existence of negative, mirror energy levels. Schro<spacing diaeresis>dinger's classical 2nd-order, complex-valued matter-wave equation which was constructed upon factoring the 4th-order, real-valued differential operator and retaining only one of the two conjugate complex operators is a simpler description of the matter-wave, since it does not involve the derivatives of the potential V(r), at the expense of missing the negative, mirror energy levels.
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页数:12
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