Design and Analysis of Dual Band Wearable Antenna for Body Centric Wireless Communication

This paper presents the design of a flexible dual-band textile antenna incorporating a defected ground structure (DGS) for wireless applications. The antenna is fabricated on a jeans-based textile substrate (epsilon r = 1.7, thickness = 3.24mm), offering mechanical flexibility and conformability suited for wearable and portable platforms. A slot-loaded radiating patch combined with a DGS achieves resonant operation at 2.4GHz and 3.5GHz, targeting ISM and 5G mid-band communications. Strong impedance matching is observed, with simulated input impedances closely aligned to the 50 Omega standard. Measured gains of 5.38dB at 2.4GHz and 6.87dB at 3.5GHz are achieved under both flat and bent conditions, validated through full-wave simulations and experimental testing using a Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) and anechoic chamber. Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) analysis performed on multilayer human tissue phantoms confirms that SAR values remain below 1W/kg, ensuring compliance with international safety standards. The proposed design combines structural simplicity, spectral selectivity, and mechanical resilience, offering a promising solution for next-generation flexible and wearable wireless communication systems.