COVID-19's Impact on Transportation Space and Abandoned Urban Design Practices

The COVID-19 pandemic has precipitated significant disruptions in urban transportation systems, challenging long-held urban planning practices. This study uses a convergent parallel mixed-methods approach to investigate the pandemic's impact on transportation spaces and urban design in India. Our research aims to (1) assess changes in transportation mode usage across demographic groups, (2) explore perceptions of traditional urban planning approaches, and (3) identify opportunities and challenges for sustainable transportation and urban spaces in a post-pandemic context. Quantitative analysis of survey data from 100 urban residents in major Indian cities revealed a 70% decrease in public transit usage, particularly among students and retirees. In contrast, private vehicle usage and active transportation modes like walking and cycling significantly rose. Chi-square tests indicated a significant association between occupational status and views on urban planning effectiveness (chi(2)(2)= 6.11, p= 0.047). One-way ANOVA showed notable differences in perceived mobility challenges across urban areas (F(2,97) = 4.28, p = 0.017, eta(2) = 0.15). Regression analysis further linked decreased transit use to increased support for public transit enhancements (beta = 0.61, p = 0.002). Qualitative insights from interviews with 15 urban planning experts underscored the need to rethink high-density, transit-oriented development in favor of more adaptable and resilient urban design strategies. This study contributes to urban resilience and sustainable mobility discourse, providing empirical evidence to guide policy interventions to foster more adaptable, equitable, and sustainable urban environments post-pandemic.