e-Learning Challenges in STEM Education

This work reviews the key challenges surrounding teaching Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics subjects known as STEM. The research has uncovered a significant gap between traditional teaching styles and the need to develop and adapt to new remote-learning modalities. The work describes the technological, pedagogical, social, and institutional challenges, finally identifying the importance of their joint interaction. Since the COVID-19 pandemic, it has become evident that STEM educators must increase their awareness and knowledge of instructional models focused on using digital platforms. The current trend is centred on developing remote-learning tools, which will likely become the predominant learning norm as the economy's viability increases. However, these remote-learning approaches must maintain interaction with the physical world, as understanding real-world phenomena is crucial for improving learning processes. STEM learning through e-learning will have a greater chance of success if academic institutions collaborate with other sectors of society, such as the business sector, to receive feedback for the continuous improvement of the proposed teaching methods.