Dislocation-Mediated Thermoelectric Performance and Mechanical Behavior

Thermoelectric materials, which convert heat into electricity and vice versa, are essential for improving energy efficiency and recovering waste heat. Dislocations, as linear defects, play a pivotal role in enhancing thermoelectric performance by scattering phonons, thereby reducing thermal conductivity. However, the influence of dislocations on the mechanical properties, such as hardness and brittleness, of thermoelectric semiconductors is complex and multifaceted. Additionally, the strong interplay between dislocations and both thermoelectric and mechanical properties warrants further clarification. This perspective examines the dual role of dislocations in optimizing these two behaviors. Various mechanisms are discussed through which dislocations enhance phonon scattering, lower lattice thermal conductivity, and influence the plasticity of materials. Furthermore, insights into achieving a balance between improved thermoelectric properties and mechanical stability in practical applications are provided.