The relationship between anthropometric indices and cardiovascular risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Objective: This study aimed to assess whether novel anthropometric indices-Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI), Conicity Index (CI), and Lipid Accumulation Product (LAP)-could predict Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) risk in individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). Methods: A methodological study was conducted with 371 hospitalized T2DM patients aged 19-64 at Band & imath;rma Education and Research Hospital. Anthropometric measurements, including waist circumference and Body Mass Index (BMI), were used to calculate VAI, CI, and LAP. The 10-year CVD risk was estimated using the Systematic Coronary Risk Estimation (SCORE) model, and Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves assessed the predictive performance of the indices. Results: The mean SCORE risk was significantly higher in individuals aged >= 65 years (p < 0.001), with 70.4 % classified as high-risk. ROC analysis showed that VAI, CI, and LAP had limited discriminatory ability, with Area Under the Curve (AUC) values of 0.454, 0.563, and 0.468, respectively. No significant correlation was found between these indices and the SCORE model in both age groups. Conclusion: VAI, CI, and LAP do not adequately predict CVD risk in T2DM patients, suggesting that traditional risk assessment methods may remain more reliable for this population.