Preventing Premature Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Discontinuation and Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Men Who Have Sex With Men (Project PEACH): Protocol fora Prospective Cohort Study

Background: There is an ongoing syndemic of HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) in the United States, particularly among men who have sex with men (MSM). We have increasingly effective and diverse measures of prevention, including various types of pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV prevention and doxycycline postexposure prophylaxis (doxyPEP) for STI prevention. As options expand, we need to understand how to use a combination of these strategies and other supports for MSM to best curb the syndemic. Objective: We designed a patient-preference trial to understand patient preferences for PrEP and doxyPEP, how preferences may change over time, and methods for preventing premature discontinuation of PrEP. Methods: We enrolled HIV-negative MSM in metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia. Participants could elect to take PrEP (daily or on-demand), doxyPEP, both, or neither, along with app-based support to evaluate for risk factors of discontinuation or behavioral changes that might affect their choice of prevention methods. Participants were able to switch prevention methods at any time. Oral PrEP and doxyPEP users are currently being offered quarterly in-person or at-home HIV, syphilis, gonorrhea, and chlamydia testing along with opportunitiesformotivational interviewing. Results: We enrolled individuals from November 2021 to September 2023. Among 240 participants, the median age was 30 (IQR 25-35), 63% (n=150) self-identified as non-Hispanic Black, and 69% (n=166) were insured. Most participants (n=144, 60%) elected to take daily PrEP plus doxyPEP, with a smaller proportion taking on-demand PrEP plus doxyPEP (n=34, 14%) or daily PrEP without doxyPEP (n=33, 14%). Conclusions:We designed an ongoing study to evaluate the preferences for PrEP and doxyPEP among MSM in metropolitan Atlanta. Enrollment was completed in 22 months and included a diverse cohort of MSM that will be followed longitudinally to evaluate prevention preferences over time. At baseline, most participants preferred to take a combination of daily PrEP and doxyPEP for HIV and STI prevention. Trial Registration: Clinicaltrials.gov NCT05072093; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05072093 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID): DERR1-10.2196/56096