Data-driven Dynamic Grey-Verhulst SEIRD Model for Public Health Emergencies Forecasting

Determining parameters in infectious disease dynamics models is crucial for simulating and predicting the development trends of public health emergencies. Utilizing real-time epidemic data and grey systems theory, our innovative approach bridges the Dynamic Grey Verhulst model and the SEIRD model, which respectively have advantages in short-term and long-term forecasting. The new model features a dynamically adjusting decision cycle to accommodate evolving epidemic data. We constructed a dynamic grey Verhulst model using the principle of metabolism, enabling it to dynamically update and iterate important parameters of infectious disease models. This results in accurate simulation and prediction of epidemic dynamics. Taking the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron outbreak in Shanghai, China, in the spring of 2022 as an example, the proposed Dynamic Grey-Verhulst SEIRD model (DGVM-SEIRD) provides a data-driven, high-sensitivity and high-precision method for predicting public health emergencies. Sensitivity tests also confirm the superiority of our model. Furthermore, validation with H1N1 influenza data from Beijing, the COVID-19 outbreak in Wuhan and SARSCoV-2 emergencies in the UK reinforces our model's accuracy. This methodology provides a highly flexible and responsive analytical tool for public health emergency management, offering scientific support for formulating more effective epidemic prevention and control strategies and emergency responses.