Geometric Morphometric Analysis of Sexual Dimorphism in the Bill of the White Stork (Ciconia ciconia)

被引：0

作者：

Gunay, Ebuderda ^{[1
]}

Szara, Tomasz ^{[2
]}

Cakar, Buket ^{[3
]}

Deveci, Emine Irem ^{[1
]}

Coskun, Ali Serhan ^{[3
]}

Gun, Gokhan ^{[4
]}

Yigit, Funda ^{[5
]}

Gundemir, Ozan ^{[6
]}

Duro, Sokol ^{[7
]}

Spataru, Mihaela Claudia ^{[8
]}

机构：

[1] Istanbul Univ Cerrahpasa, Fac Vet Med, Dept Wild Anim Dis & Ecol, TR-34320 Istanbul, Turkiye

[2] Warsaw Univ Life Sci SGGW, Inst Vet Med, Dept Morphol Sci, PL-02776 Warsaw, Poland

[3] Istanbul Univ Cerrahpasa, Inst Grad Studies, TR-34320 Istanbul, Turkiye

[4] Bogazici Univ, Dept Mol Biol & Genet, TR-34342 Istanbul, Turkiye

[5] Istanbul Univ Cerrahpasa, Fac Vet Med, Dept Histol & Embryol, TR-34320 Istanbul, Turkiye

[6] Istanbul Univ Cerrahpasa, Fac Vet Med, Dept Anat, TR-34320 Istanbul, Turkiye

[7] Agr Univ Tirana, Fac Vet Med, Dept Anat, Tirana 1000, Albania

[8] Ion Ionescu De La Brad Iasi Univ Life Sci, Fac Vet Med, Dept Publ Hlth, Iasi 700489, Romania

来源：

ANIMALS | 2025年 / 15卷 / 09期

关键词：

allometry; sexual dimorphism; bill morphology; principal component analysis; sex determination; SIZE DIMORPHISM; FLUCTUATING ASYMMETRY; BEAK SHAPE; IDENTIFICATION; EVOLUTION; PATTERNS; BEHAVIOR;

D O I：

10.3390/ani15091312

中图分类号：

S8 [畜牧、动物医学、狩猎、蚕、蜂];

学科分类号：

0905 ;

摘要：

Sexual dimorphism in bill morphology influences foraging strategies and bird competitive interactions. This study uses geometric morphometric analyses to examine sex-based differences in the bill shape and size of Ciconia ciconia, a large wading bird. Standardized dorsal and lateral photographs of 45 white storks (24 females and 21 males) were analyzed. The mean centroid size (CS) confirmed that males have significantly larger bills than females, yet principal component analysis revealed no reliable shape-based sex differentiation. Allometric analyses indicated that larger individuals exhibit more pronounced shape variations, likely tied to functional adaptations, though these were insufficient for sex determination. While bill size correlates with sex, shape variation does not serve as a reliable criterion for sexing C. ciconia. This study contributes to the understanding of sexual dimorphism in Ciconia ciconia by quantifying bill size differences using geometric morphometrics.

引用

页数：13

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