Green synthesis of durian shell-derived activated carbon with enhanced carboxylic functionalization and graphitization via gamma irradiation in ethanol and ethylene glycol for supercapacitor applications

被引：0

作者：

Numee, Phonpimon ^{[1
]}

Sangtawesin, Tanagorn ^{[2
]}

Ma'Radzi, Akmal Hadi ^{[3
]}

Kanjana, Kotchaphan ^{[1
,4
]}

机构：

[1] Walailak Univ, Funct Mat & Nanotechnol Ctr Excellence, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand

[2] Thailand Inst Nucl Technol, Ongkharak 26120, Nakhon Nayok, Thailand

[3] Univ Malaysia Perlis, Fac Chem Engn & Technol, Dept Chem, Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia

[4] Walailak Univ, Sch Sci, Dept Chem, Nakhon Si Thammarat 80160, Thailand

来源：

BIOMASS & BIOENERGY | 2025年 / 199卷

关键词：

PERFORMANCE; ELECTRODE; RAMAN; OXIDATION; ALCOHOLS; NITROGEN; BEHAVIOR;

D O I：

10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.107945

中图分类号：

S2 [农业工程];

学科分类号：

0828 ;

摘要：

This study investigates the synthesis of durian shell-derived activated carbon (AC) with enhanced carboxylic functionalization and graphitization using a green approach, gamma irradiation in ethanol (Et) and ethylene glycol (EG) scavengers. The surface chemistry through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) revealed an increase in -COOH groups upon irradiation in both scavengers. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy further confirmed the presence of the oxygenated functional groups, supporting the XPS data. Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) analysis highlighted scavenger-specific morphological differences. N-2 adsorption-desorption and S-BET measurements clearly indicated the effects of dose and scavenger type on the textural properties of the materials, showing the maximum specific surface area of 1271.4 m(2) g(-1) after irradiation. Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis indicated high graphitization (I-D/I-G similar to 0.84-0.85), unaffected by irradiation dose or scavenger type, suggesting that EG and Et can highly enhance graphitization compared to other scavenging systems. Electrochemical tests based on cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic charge-discharge (GCD) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) demonstrated that the development of -COOH groups significantly enhanced charge storage capacity providing the highest specific capacitance of 266.7 F g(-1) with reduced internal resistance. The results emphasized the synergistic effects of radiation dose and scavenger type on the AC properties, enhancing its performance for supercapacitor applications.

引用

页数：16