Machine Learning and Deep Learning in Music Emotion Recognition: A Comprehensive Survey

Music can express and influence a wide range of emotional states and feelings in humans. The development of a system for recognizing emotions based on music analysis has generated significant interest among academic and industrial communities due to its applications in various fields such as human-machine interaction, music recommendation systems, music therapy, and so on. Music emotion recognition (MER) is the process of analysing and classifying the affective states conveyed by a piece of music. A survey of existing work on emotional music processing is indeed very helpful for carrying out further research in the field of music emotion recognition. Due to the importance of emotion recognition in Music Information Retrieval (MIR) research, a comprehensive survey is provided in this paper with a detailed study of emotion models, features, and various music databases. This paper emphasizes the machine learning and deep learning approaches used for MER to extract emotions from music. Finally, the paper is summarized with some possible future research directions.