Comprehensive review on human Milk oligosaccharides: Biosynthesis, structure, intestinal health benefits, immune regulation, neuromodulation mechanisms, and applications

被引：1
作者：
Yu, Jieting [1 ]
Li, Le [1 ]
Kraithong, Supaluck [1 ,3 ]
Zou, Lingshan [1 ]
Zhang, Xiaoyong [2 ]
Huang, Riming [1 ]
机构：
[1] South China Agr Univ, Coll Food Sci, Guangdong Prov Key Lab Food Qual & Safety, Guangzhou 510642, Peoples R China
[2] South China Agr Univ, Univ Joint Lab Guangdong Prov & Hong Kong Reg Mari, Coll Marine Sci, Guangzhou 510642, Peoples R China
[3] Guangxi Univ Chinese Med, Inst Marine Drugs, Guangxi Key Lab Marine Drugs, Nanning 530200, Peoples R China
来源：
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL | 2025年 / 209卷
关键词：
Applications; Biosynthesis; HMOs; Immune regulation; Intestinal health; Neural development; Structure; NECROTIZING ENTEROCOLITIS; PROTEINS; 2'-FUCOSYLLACTOSE; SUPPLEMENTATION; INSIGHTS; TARGETS;
D O I：
10.1016/j.foodres.2025.116328
中图分类号：
TS2 [食品工业];
学科分类号：
0832 ;
摘要：
This review provides a comprehensive analysis of the biosynthetic pathways of various oligosaccharides in Escherichia coli, structural characteristics, and bioactive mechanisms of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs), with a particular emphasis on their roles in gut health, immune modulation, and neurodevelopment. HMOs primarily function as prebiotics, facilitating the growth of beneficial bacteria such as Bifidobacterium to maintain microbial homeostasis, with a discussion on the synergistic role of carbohydrate-binding modules (CBMs). In immune modulation, HMOs interact with lectins on immune and epithelial cells, influencing immune responses via pathways such as Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Additionally, HMOs have been linked to enhanced cognitive, motor, and language development in infants, influencing genes such as GABRB2, SLC1A7, GLRA4, and CHRM3. The review also examines commercially available HMO-containing products and highlights future research directions and potential applications in nutrition and healthcare.
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页数：16
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