Performance and emissions of an engine operating with the direct injection of diesel, biodiesel, and wet ethanol blends

被引：0

作者：

Ivair Carvalho de Souza ^{[1
]}

Sérgio de Morais Hanriot ^{[1
]}

Vinícius Guerra Moreira ^{[2
]}

Rogério Jorge Amorim ^{[1
]}

Hairton Júnior José da Silveira ^{[
]}

机构：

[1] Pontifical Catholic University of Minas Gerais,Department of Mechanical Engineering

[2] Federal University of Minas Gerais,Department of Mechanical Engineering

来源：

Journal of the Brazilian Society of Mechanical Sciences and Engineering | 2025年 / 47卷 / 8期

关键词：

Diesel engine; Wet ethanol; Ethanol direct injection; Emissions; Biodiesel;

D O I：

10.1007/s40430-025-05698-4

中图分类号：

学科分类号：

摘要：

This study presents a novel approach by evaluating the emissions and performance of a diesel engine operating at partial loads through the simultaneous injection of diesel fuel (a blend of conventional oil and biodiesel) and wet ethanol mixtures, using separate direct injection systems. Fuel injection was conducted with separate systems. The experiments were carried out with power loads varying from 15 to 37.5 kW, an ethanol injection angle of 40° crank angle degree (CAD) before the top dead center (BTDC), and a 23° CAD BTDC diesel injection angle. The diesel fuel was replaced with ethanol mass percentages ranging from 52 to 59%, with the ethanol being over-hydrated from 7 to 30% by the mass of water. The emissions and performance exhibited different behaviors, varying according to the power loads and hydration contents. The results showed significant reductions in the emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) and smoke opacity for all the fuel mixtures used. An increase of approximately 5% in engine fuel conversion efficiency was observed when operating with ethanol mixtures at higher power loads. It was also found that a higher volume of water in the fuel promoted an increase in the in-cylinder pressure at higher loads. These results suggest that the use of a fuel mixture containing diesel oil and wet ethanol mixtures, directly injected by separate systems, can favor the reduction of emissions and reliance on petroleum-based fuels. This could potentially lead to a cost reduction in the production of this renewable fuel, without compromising the performance of the engine.

引用