Evaluation of Creatine Monohydrate Supplementation on the Gastrocnemius Muscle of Mice with Muscular Dystrophy: A Preliminary Study

Background/Objectives: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a genetic disease characterized by a lack of dystrophin caused by mutations in the DMD gene, and some minor cases are due to decreased levels of dystrophin, leading to muscle weakness and motor impairment. Creatine supplementation has demonstrated several benefits for the muscle, such as increased strength, enhanced tissue repair, and improved ATP resynthesis. This preliminary study aimed to investigate the effects of creatine on the gastrocnemius muscle in dystrophy muscle (MDX) and healthy C57BL/10 mice. Methods: Twenty MDX and C57Bl/10 mice were organized into groups and supplemented or not with creatine in a dosage of 0.3 mg for 8 weeks. Gastrocnemius tissue was analyzed using histomorphology and histomorphometric techniques. Results: The results demonstrated potential anti-inflammatory effects of creatine, with less observation of inflammatory infiltrates, the preservation of intramuscular glycogen, and reduction in tissue fibrosis in supplemented animals. Conclusions: These findings suggest that creatine may enhance tissue function and slow the progression of DMD. However, further research, with more analysis, is needed to elucidate molecular mechanisms underlying creatine's effects on reducing mononuclear leukocytes and its role in mitigating tissue fibrosis.