Behavior Analysis of Shared Micro-Mobility Service in Mobility as a Service: Empirical Evidence from a Large-Scale Trial in a University Community

To date, there is limited evidence on how shared micro-mobility services are being used in Mobility as a Service (MaaS) trials. To add new evidence, this research investigated the MaaS trial data from the University of Queensland in Brisbane, Australia. Descriptive analysis and statistical models were employed to analyze participants' usage behavior in shared micro-mobility services with MaaS bundles. From this analysis, several critical and interesting findings emerged. First, when compared with bundles including micro-mobility, basic mobility bundles with unlimited public transport services were more popular in the university community. Second, compared with the pay-as-you-go option, trial participants were more willing to adopt shared micro-mobility services with PASS options with daily travel budgets. Third, there was a substantial underutilization of shared micro-mobility budgets within existing mobility bundles. Fourth, multimodal bundle subscribers used shared micro-mobility services about two to three times longer per day, compared with basic bundle users. Finally, shared micro-mobility service providers seemed to experience positive externalities from other micro-mobility providers in the market. The findings could provide insights to optimize existing MaaS business models with micro-mobility and to help evaluate the impacts of MaaS on the travel behavior of university populations.