Evaluating the Impact of a Nursing-Led Neuromuscular Exercise Program on Pain, Range of Motion, and Quality of Life in Knee Osteoarthritis Patients: A Quasi-Experimental Approach

Knee osteoarthritis is a leading cause of pain and functional limitation in adults. Neuromuscular exercise (NEMEX) programs are designed to improve sensorimotor control and functional joint stabilization. This study evaluated the effects of a NEMEX program on pain, range of motion, and quality of life in knee osteoarthritis patients. A repeated measure quasi-experimental study with a control group was conducted at an outpatient orthopedic clinic. Sixty adult knee osteoarthritis patients were conveniently sampled, with 30 in the intervention group receiving the NEMEX program and 30 in the control group. Outcomes were assessed at baseline, post-intervention, and 2-month follow-up using the Knee Range of Motion Assessment, Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, and Knee Osteoarthritis Quality of Life Questionnaire. The general linear model (GLM) showed the intervention group had significant improvements in knee flexion (F = 44.106, eta 2 = 0.432), extension (F = 43.972, eta 2 = 0.431), and total range of motion (F = 69.411, eta 2 = 0.545) compared to controls (p < 0.001). Pain scores improved more in the intervention group (F = 201.037, eta 2 = 0.776). The intervention group also improved stiffness (F = 77.547, eta 2 = 0.572) and physical function (F = 127.420, eta 2 = 0.687). Physical activities (F = 164.155, eta 2 = 0.739) and mental health (F = 76.279, eta 2 = 0.568) showed significant group differences, but social functioning had a more negligible effect (F = 25.164, eta 2 = 0.303). These findings indicate that the NEMEX program effectively improved the range of motion, reduced pain, and enhanced quality of life in patients with knee osteoarthritis. However, the effect on social functioning was more minor. The program appears to have positively impacted the physical and psychosocial aspects of the participants' health and well-being. These findings support incorporating NEMEX into Knee osteoarthritis rehabilitation to enhance functionality, lower discomfort, improve patient outcomes, and improve the general QOL for those managing this illness.