Effects of using app-based interventions on quality of life among breast cancer patients: a systematic review with meta-analysis

Background: Application-based interventions have gradually emerged as potential tools for improving the health status of cancer patients. However, the conclusions of existing studies on the effectiveness of app-based intervention in managing breast cancer symptoms vary. Methods: This study systematically searched the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE databases from the inception of each database to October 25, 2024. Two researchers independently screened studies, extracted data, and evaluated the quality using the Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool. Data analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software, and the effect size was expressed as the standardized mean difference (SMD). Results: Of 16 included randomized controlled trials, meta-analysis results indicated that, compared to usual care, app-based interventions significantly improved breast cancer patients' quality of life (14 studies, SMD = 0.84, 95%CI = 0.48 - 1.19, p < 0.00005, I-2 = 90%, GRADE = low), and positively alleviated physical pain and anxiety (5 studies, SMD = - 0.60, 95%CI = -0.92 to -0.29, p = 0.0002, I-2= 56%, GRADE = very low; 3 studies, SMD = -0.75, 95% CI = -1.40 to -0.09, p = 0.03, I-2= 86%, GRADE = very low). However, no statistically significant differences were observed in improving fatigue (3 studies, SMD = 0.18, 95%CI = - 0.05 - 0.42, p = 0.13, I-2 = 0%) and depression (2 studies, SMD = -0.65, 95%CI = - 2.12 - 0.82, p = 0.38, I-2 = 96%). Conclusion: Application-based interventions can significantly improve the quality of life of breast cancer patients, effectively relieve pain, and reduce anxiety.