Magnitude of Low Birth Weight and Associated Factors Among Newborns Delivered in Public Hospitals of Benadir Region, Somalia: A Facility-Based Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Low birth weight (LBW) is a major global health concern, contributing to 15% to 20% of neonatal mortality, particularly in developing countries like Somalia. Infants with LBW face increased risks of childhood stunting and metabolic disorders. This study assessed the prevalence and associated factors of LBW among newborns in public hospitals in the Benadir region, Somalia.Methods: A hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Mogadishu from May 2 to July 19, 2024. Data on newborn and maternal characteristics were collected using a structured questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression identified significant LBW factors.Results: Among 384 newborns, 17.9% had LBW (mean birth weight: 2.76 +/- 0.69 kg). Significant risk factors included maternal age, education, residence, ANC visits, anemia, inadequate food intake, short birth interval, low maternal BMI, maternal complications, and lack of iron-folic acid supplementation.Conclusion: Strengthening maternal health policies, improving nutrition, and enhancing antenatal care services are essential to reducing LBW in Somalia.