Mesoporous Carbon Sphere-Enhanced Flexible Pressure Sensor with Superior Linearity and Wide Range for Wearable Health Monitoring

Flexible pressure sensors are pivotal in advancing wearable technologies, particularly in human health monitoring. However, the development of high-performance pressure sensors is challenged by the intrinsic trade-offs among precision, sensitivity, and sensing range. In this study, a novel unstructured flexible capacitive pressure sensing film is introduced, incorporating mesoporous carbon spheres into a flexible polymer matrix. Leveraging the percolation mechanism for transduction, the film achieves high sensitivity (0.16 kPa(-1)), outstanding precision (<2.987%), high linearity (R-2 = 0.995 across 0-10 kPa), and an impressive measurement range (1000 kPa). Its simple design allows for rapid response to varying pressures and exceptional stability over 12 000 cyclic tests. This sensor can precisely monitor both subtle physiological signals and dynamic motion, opening new possibilities for health tracking, wearable diagnostics, and dynamic human-machine interactions.